A Proof of Symmetry of the Power Sum Polynomials Using a Novel Bernoulli Number Identity
Nicholas J. Newsome, Maria S. Nogin, and Adnan H. Sabuwala
Department of Mathematics
California State University, Fresno
Fresno, CA 93740
USA
Abstract:
The problem of finding formulas for sums of powers of natural numbers
has been of interest to mathematicians for many centuries. Among these
is Faulhabers well-known formula expressing the power sums as
polynomials whose coefficients involve Bernoulli numbers. In this paper
we give an elementary proof that the sum of p-th powers of the first n
natural numbers can be expressed as a polynomial in n of degree p + 1.
We also prove a novel identity involving Bernoulli numbers and use it
to show the symmetry of this polynomial.
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(Concerned with sequences
A027641
A027642.)
Received February 15 2017; revised versions received February 22 2017;
March 1 2017; June 2 2017. Published in Journal of Integer
Sequences, June 25 2017.
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